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Neutrosophic Statistics for Social Science

Social Science deals with the study of phenomena related to the social status of human beings. The importance of such sciences lies in the fact that they make it possible to know, predict, modify and improve the functioning of human societies today. Due to the great complexity of modern societies, it is virtually impossible to have accurate data or knowledge about any contemporary society. That is why neutrosophic theory is suitable for representing and modeling the data from studies on any social sciences. They may contain data that is contradictory, incomplete, inaccurate, vague, and so on. In particular, neutrosophic statistics generalizes classical statistics to interval-valued data. Since classical statistics are of great importance for the study of Social Sciences. We will emphasize the Legal Sciences in our approach

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E. H. Marcia Esther mail -
F. H. Robert Alcides mail -
P. P. Rene Estalin mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190120

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Neutrosophic Image Segmentation: An Approach for the Treatment of Uncertainty in Multimodal Information Systems

Information explosion in this era has led to the proliferation of digital data in form of images, text, video, and audio. Uncertainty is a major issue in information access and retrieval models, and incomplete information needs to be treated in information systems because imprecision indicates the existence of a value that cannot be measured. There is no denial of the fact that uncertainty puts a hindrance in obtaining information in real-time systems, and as per knowledge rarely does any study of information retrieval using image segmentation treat imprecise and inconsistent information inherited in information systems. This work proposes to transform images in the neutrosophic domain for the treatment of uncertainty that persists in information recovery. Later, the image is segmented using the neutrosophic segmentation algorithm and its results are compared with the Modified Fuzzy c-Means segmentation algorithm, which is the earlier used segmentation algorithm in information systems. The experiment is conducted on a variety of multimodal images from the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and Benchmark, showing the effectiveness of the proposed method for information systems. The proposed image segmentation using neutrosophy seems to yield a smaller error of 0.011, but the error obtained using the fuzzy c-means (MFCM) method is 0.13, which is larger than the proposed approach. The work also demonstrates how well neutrosophic segmentation can segment images having different noise levels as well as clean images. The results show that the proposed algorithm yields the most accurate segmented image for feature extraction which can be utilized while designing effective information systems.

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Mohd A. Wajid mail -
Aasim Zafar mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190117

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Neutrosophic Nano M Open Sets

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of neutrosophic nano M-open sets and some stronger and weaker forms of neutrosophic nano open sets in neutrosophic nano topological spaces. Further, we dealt with the concepts of neutrosophic nano M-interior and M-closure operators. Moreover, we define the product related neutrosophic nano topological spaces and proved some theorems related to this.

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A. Vadivel mail -
C. John Sundar mail -
Saraswathi mail -
Tamilselvan mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190110

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Spatial Convolution Splines for Multivariate Spatial Data

The Spatial Convolution Splines Multivariate Regression Model (SCSMRM) were used on the data represented a diabetes disease measurements across different regions in Iraq (Basrah, Baghdad, Babylon, Sulaimanya) while considering multiple risk factors such as age, BMI, weight , income, education level, blood pressure for the same geographic location  for (200) patient, and  combine the health data with the risk factor data to create a comprehensive dataset. Each record in the dataset should include the geographic location, diabetes status, and values for each risk factor we applied (SCSMRM), the results showed that significant the model and the risk factors studied in the model explain 61% of the changes that occur in the diabetes. It also showed the significance of the factors (age - weight - body mass index (BMI) - educational level - blood pressure) and the non-significance of the variable (income), and these results are consistent with the actual reality of the disease.  

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Sackineh Shamil Jasim mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/GJMSA.0100207

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 10 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Analyzing the impact of social factors on homelessness with neutrosophic cognitive maps

Homeless people are marginalized because they lack the resources necessary to participate in mainstream culture. It is not unusual to come across homeless persons in the streets of Quito, Ecuador, particularly in the downtown area. Society often refers to them as the unaccepted, the outcasts, the marginalized, and the homeless. Being a victim of aggressiveness is not an inevitable part of life on the streets. Still, unfortunately, we are seeing more and more instances of it being shown nearly every day. Many groups work to alleviate this problem by providing aid or enhancing the quality of life for these individuals. The goal of this study is to aid in strengthening the work of such institutions by providing a rationale for why so many crimes are decided to commit even against the homeless and how these institutions can better equip themselves to deal with the issue, as well as by providing tasks to assist direct the Homeless toward the Good Having to live Plan. A  cognitive map of neutrosophic causes and effects was constructed.

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D. C. Marcelo Raúl mail -
T.T. Diego Fabricio mail -
D. P. F. Patty Elizabeth mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190121

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

On The Neutrosophic Formula of Some Matrix Equations Derived from Data Mining Theory and Control Systems

This paper is dedicated to studying the neutrosophic formula of some famous matrix equations used in theoretical data mining algorithms and control systems by using neutrosophic matrices and refined neutrosophic matrices over neutrosophic real fields. On the other hand, we concentrate on the neutrosophic formula of the Sylvester equation, and Lyapunov equation, where we study their formulas and properties in terms of theorems in the neutrosophic real number field and refined real number field. Also, we illustrate many different examples to clarify the validity of our work.

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S. Obaid Jameel mail -
A. Mahdi Salih mail -
R. Adnan Jaleel mail -
Musaddak M. A. Zahra mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190122

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Neutrosophic K-means for market segmentation

Markets may be broken down into subsets with the use of cluster analysis. Multivariate analytic methods are often used in traditional research. Due to their success in engineering, artificial neural systems have recently found use in business as well. When it comes to grouping observations with comparable traits or attributes, the K-means method is a common choice. It has various uses in marketing, but it finds particular success in cluster analyses of customer behavior. Several commercial packages include implementations of the K-means algorithm. Data mining statistical approaches like K-Means are useful for handling this data and analyzing it later on. For better results, this study combines the traditional K-Means technique with Neutrosophy, which accounts for the uncertainty inherent in such complicated data sets by factoring in the data's diversity and its inherent volatility as a result of proximity between the bounds of the separate segments as well as the members who make up each.

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A. Romero Fernández mail -
G. Alvarez Gómez mail -
C. Gómez Armijos mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190123

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Evaluation of Social Projects Using Neutrosophic AHP

Recently, industrialization has led to a worldwide rise in energy usage. Consequently, satisfying rising energy demands has assumed more significance. Fuel, gasoline, and nat gas are all finite resources, making it all the more important to discover sustainable energy alternatives. To fulfill the current need for energy, renewable resources play a significant role. Therefore, energy decisions and government policy are of paramount importance for nations. Energy policy and judgment challenges, such as the appraisal of energy projects, the choice among fuel sources, the location of power plants, and the determination of energy policy, are solved using a variety of technical, financial, ecological, and social factors. Multi-criterion decision-making (MCDM) methodologies may be used to assess energy policy decisions, one of the important challenges for governments. Some of the challenges associated with making energy-related decisions and formulating policies are choosing between various energy sources, assessing the relative merits of various energy supply techniques, formulating an energy strategy, and carrying it through. Various forms of fuel sources are taken into account in the much research that has been conducted on energy decision-making challenges. Because they take into account several, sometimes competing, criteria in their assessments of potential solutions, MCDM techniques have proven useful in the resolution of energy-related decision-making issues. By combining MCDM with the neutrosophic set theory (NST), which captures the inherent ambiguity of human judgment, we may get more nuanced, tangible, and practical outcomes. This work intends to provide a thorough analysis of the methodology and implementations of neutrosophic MCDM in the power industry, as well as to synthesize the current literature and the latest recent breakthroughs to help guide researchers in this area. The neutrosophic Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to compute the weights of each criterion of energy in a social project. This research shows that neutrosophic AHP, either on its own or in combination with another MCDM approach, is the most often used MCDM technique.

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R. Comas Rodríguez mail -
J. M. D. Oca Sánchez mail -
V. Lucero Salcedo mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190124

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Indeterminate Likert Scale in Social Sciences Research

The Likert scale is by far the most popular psychometric tool for collecting data. The ordinal structure and confined style of the Likert scale make it prone to information misinterpretation and loss. Depending on the consumers' moods, replies in the real world are sometimes erratic, imprecise, and ill-defined. Neutrosophy (the study of the implementation of the provisions and indeterminacy) is utilized to accurately portray the answers. This work introduces a neutrosophic-informed, agnostic version of the Likert scale. Clustering users based on their comments is an efficient method of segmenting the population and marketing to them. In this research, we offer a clustering approach for responses received using arbitrary Likert scales. When dealing with real-world events, indeterminate Likert scales are superior in recording replies properly.

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M. M. Rosa Leonor mail -
G. S. Manaces Easud mail -
P. P. Luis Fernando mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190125

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Method for Selecting Optimum Market

The Indonesian rolling stock maker's target market and business strategy are analyzed here—the study's planning, data, and technique. To achieve sustainable growth across the board in the power generating industry, we concentrate on understanding the critical variables driving sustainable development in a market context unlike before. To identify the most vital aspects to consider while dealing with ambiguous rules, a methodology using Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) was presented. To address ambiguity and bring the problem-solving process closer to reality, we created a unique method that integrates MCDM techniques. Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP was employed in this investigation. To zero in on our ideal clientele, we turned to the AHP technique. This strategy considers quantitative aspects such as market characteristics and degree of competition when making decisions. The results indicate that rolling stock manufacturers have good reason to invest in expanding their share of these markets. However, despite the many prospects available in this field, the rolling stock producer faces a significant obstacle: the inability to adequately fund the pursuit of a more considerable portion of the market

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O. ESPINOZA LASTRA mail -
L. Baque Villanueva mail -
A. Izquierdo Morán mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190126

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new