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An Application of Pythagorean Circles in Cryptography and Some Ideas for Future Non Classical Systems

In this work, we present a direct application for Pythagorean circles in the theory of cryptography by using integer points on these circles, as well as we describe some numerical systems to generalize classical well-known crypto-algorithms and systems. Also, we illustrate many examples to clarify the validity of our work.

groups
Mehmet Merkepci mail -
Maretta Sarkis mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/GJMSA.020205

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 2 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

A Proposed Optimization Model for Water Quality Prediction in Internet of Things Environment

The application of industrialization and urbanization strategies results in the proliferation of waste products in water resources which is a serious public challenge. They have resulted in calls for advanced technologies of water quality mitigation and monitoring, as emphasized in the sustainable development objectives. Now, environmental engineering researcher is looking for a more complex process of implementing practical assessments and of monitoring the quality of ground and surface water that is quantifiable to human beings over different locations. Many current techniques use the Internet of Things (IoT) for water quality assessment and monitoring. This paper explores the proposal of African Buffalo Optimization with Deep Belief Network for Water Quality Prediction (ABODBN-WQPR) model in an IoT environment. The presented proposed model majorly concentrates on the identification of water quality.

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Gopal Chaudhary mail -
Puneet Singh Lamba mail -
Deepali Virmani mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.060203

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 6 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Design of Secure and Stable Routing Protocols for the Adhoc Networks

The desire to remain connected no matter where you are, when you want to be connected, or how you want to be connected has been a driving force behind the development of wireless networks, in particular in the field of persistent and ubiquitous computing. This need can be satisfied in a number of different ways. The Mobile Ad-hoc networks made up of a collection of nodes, each of which is equipped with wireless networking and communication capabilities. There may be any number of these nodes. It is not necessary to involve a central administrator in order for these nodes to communicate with one another since they may do so independently. Ad hoc networks also often referred to as infrastructure-less networks since they do not have a present topology or infrastructure. This is because ad hoc networks do not have a predetermined topology or infrastructure. Because each node in the wireless ad-hoc network functions as either a host or a router or both, In order to prevent unauthorized parties from accessing the data, it is essential to have developed secure and reliable routing protocols. The work that is presented in this proposed work is an attempt to develop an ad-hoc routing protocol that is safe and robust. The protocol in question called Energy Efficient Wireless Path Optimization (EEWPO). The dynamic route selection mechanism, which is based upon genetic programming, and the connection integrity assurance algorithm have been combined within the framework of the proposed model routing scheme for wireless ad-hoc networks to produce a routing-based mechanism that is secure, flexible, and robust. This is accomplished by combining the two mechanisms within the framework of the proposed model routing scheme. These two aspects are going to work together to form the foundation of this plan. The new combination has the ability to give a higher degree of security to the current network, hence reducing the likelihood that vulnerabilities in connection and fake route injections would be exploited. When it comes to speech-based ad-hoc networks, which need dedicated connections for the exchange of voice data over an ad-hoc channel, intelligent route selection throughout the multipath network becomes very important. This is because the transmission of speech data is essential to the functioning of these networks. In order to materialize the robust ad-hoc routing algorithm, the generation of the adaptive ad-hoc network routing solution requires the ideally layered combination of the genetic programming-based routing solution along with the connection integrity assurance model. Only then can the adaptive ad-hoc network routing solution be created. The effectiveness of the recommended routing protocol has been shown via testing in a number of different simulated situations.

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Lamia F. Tulaib mail -
Akbal O. Salman mail -
Mazin A. Mohammed mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.010202

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 1 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

An intelligent multi-criteria decision-based approach for sustainable growth of the energy sector: the case study of India and Vietnam

Traditional and sustainable forms of energy are examined from a variety of angles, including economics, technology, society, ecology, politics, and flexibility, to ensure that Vietnam’s energy industry continues to expand sustainably. These sources have been evaluated and assessed using an extended spherical fuzzy MCDM method. Thermal, gas, nuclear, solar, wind, biomass, and hydro energy alternatives are employed in the decision-making model. The weights of evaluation criteria are determined using the spherical fuzzy AHP model, and renewable power choices are prioritized using the WPM model. We used six main criteria, twenty-six sub-criteria, and seven alternatives.  In Vietnam, solar power was found to be the most suitable, followed by wind and hydropower, followed by hydro, followed by Biomass. The worst alternative is thermal. After that, fourteen situations were built, taking into consideration the first five renewable technologies (solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and gas power), in assessing the ideal energy mix scenario for the slow gestation of Vietnam's energy sector. Solar, wind, and hydro energy growth in a pass shipping scenario.

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Vishal Srivastava mail -
Saurabh bhardwaj mail -
Gopal Chaudhary mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.060105

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 6 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Analysis of Security Mechanism in Adhoc Network with Machine Learning Techniques

In an ad hoc network, the routing protocol takes into account a variety of activities, including maintaining network connection, transmission scheduling, channel evaluation, and preserving network connectivity. Additionally, it determines network architecture. In addition, a number of different elements determines the performance of a routing protocol. These include node mobility, which is responsible for multiple link failures, support for quality of service (QoS), network size, the amount of traffic, and the level of security. The performance may occasionally also be affected by the manner in which the network is behaving in addition to the kinds of apps that are running in that environment. Selecting an appropriate protocol that is based on security is highly crucial in order to set up an effective network. A significant amount of effort has been put into improving the safety mechanisms that are built into routing protocols, most prominently in WSNs, MANETs, VANETs, and WMNs. Only MANET will be the topic of discussion here. Mobile Ad-Hoc Network is a wireless network that does not need infrastructure and is composed of mobile nodes. Mobile ad-hoc network, also known as MANET, is one of the most promising forms of next-generation wireless networking technology. It has garnered a significant amount of interest because it is self-organized and can be deployed at a cheap cost. In comparison to a traditional network, a MANET presents a number of challenges that are especially difficult to overcome when it comes to the duty of routing. The many difficulties that are inherent with MANET have made it an excellent subject for academic investigation. This provides a concise overview of security in MANETs as well as the issues that relate to maintaining them. Understanding the different routing mechanisms and the potential attacks that might be mounted against them is the first step in designing a reliable security mechanism. Within the scope of this study effort, we have provided specifics on the detection and prevention of various routing attacks, with the primary emphasis being placed on the network layer assaults that are unique to MANET. When compared to other study fields, MANET presents the greatest challenge in terms of maintaining network security. In recent years, a significant amount of research has been carried out to investigate several forms of assault; nevertheless, most of the surveys have been carried out without any kind of performance analysis. There is a paucity of research that seeks to find an all-encompassing study of the impact of the many different attacks that bring the overall performance of the Adhoc network down. On the other hand, secure routing in the face of a black hole attack can be difficult because preferences are often incomplete. The in-degree centrality and importance degree measurement applied to the collected consensus-based trust from decision-makers solves the issue of incomplete preferences and improves the accuracy of trust at the same time. Utilizing Network Simulator, we examine how well the suggested approach works. Based on the findings of the simulations, it has been demonstrated that the detection accuracy and throughput of the proposed CREDIT are both significantly higher than those of existing work, making the proposed CREDIT scheme superior.

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Uma Maheshwari mail -
Suresh Babu mail -
Mahendra khan mail -
Kadiyam Rajshekar mail -
Manideepika Manchikalapati mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.000103

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 0 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Improved Routing Protocol for Extending Wireless Sensor Networks Lifetime

One of the most cutting-edge technological trends to emerge over the past ten years is the availability of ubiquitous networks and the rising demand for them. The objective remains to have access to several services, including voicemail, the web, emails, messages, and other ones, without being restricted by one's geographical location. As a result, there will be an increase in the need for wireless networks for communication. The wireless network industry has had remarkable growth over the last several decades, and they make new advancements in this field. An ad hoc network is a non-stationary infrastructure that allows for the establishment of a sort of wireless network in which one node may share information with several other nodes through multi-hop links and interconnections. This type of network is also known as a mesh network. An ad hoc system is one that does not have a centralized control unit and instead relies on a collection of wireless mobile nodes to construct a functional wireless network. Newline Instead of using stationary network communication, this kind of network uses a multi-hop point-to-point routing technique to create a network connection. Because mobile nodes have a limited range, a problem may occur when one node has to connect with another node that is located outside of its range but is still inside its coverage area. In such cases, a connection between the origin and the destination should be made by linking several nodes. The criteria used to determine which nodes should participate in the routing process depend on a variety of different factors. In spite of this, the primary objective is to construct a route from one end to the other in order to provide the nodes with a transmission medium so that they may connect with one another. The process of routing data in ad hoc networks has become very difficult ever since the debut of wireless networks. The inherent characteristics of an ad hoc network, in which the topologies of the network are always subject to change, are the primary cause of this kind of challenge. Because ad hoc networks are inherently dynamic, there will be various performance concerns with the routing and transmission of data. The proposed work provides to become aware of the various performance issues that may arise from the use of routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks. To evaluate the routing protocols in terms of their effectiveness in the context of wireless mobile networks and wireless static networks. For the purpose of assessing the performance of this network scenario, both mobile and static nodes are utilized.

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Banumathi mail -
Muthumari mail -
Shahada Syed mail -
Syed Basha Shaik mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.000104

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 0 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Secured Authentication of Node in Mobile Adhoc Network

Over the previous two decades, wireless communication has developed into an indispensable component of modern life. In recent years, wireless networks have acquired greater significance than wired networks as a result of improvements in technology as well as reductions in cost. The adaptability and portability of wireless devices make this feasible in a wide variety of real-time software applications. One kind of wireless network, known as an Adhoc network, can establish a connection in locations where conventional communication is not feasible. The Mobile Adhoc Network, also known as MANET, is a sort of ad hoc network that is established by the collection of mobile nodes that are each outfitted with a transceiver and interact with one another over duplex connections. Every node in a MANET functions as a router and figures out how to go from the source to the destination by going via the other nodes in the network. MANET has a number of properties, including changeable capacity and bandwidth, energy-restricted operation, speed of deployment, and dynamic topology. Because of MANET's inherent fluidity, the network is more prone to experiencing security breaches. In recent years, researchers have developed a number of solutions to security problems, including intrusion detection, routing, security protocol, and other techniques. These solutions have been made available. Even though there are a few different options to choose from, none of them are enough to safeguard the network nodes. When more nodes are added to the network while it is operating in a hostile environment, the overall performance of the network suffers. Secured Authentication with Node Isolation, often known as SAWNI, is an authentication method that aims to improve network safety by locating and isolating any hostile nodes that may be present in a network. The approach of isolation may be used to protect the ordinary node while isolating the malicious node either temporarily or permanently, depending on the situation. The network's legitimacy is improved as a result of this isolation mechanism, which takes into account the potential danger posed by the rogue node. The findings of the experiments reveal that using DHA, rather than DSA, may raise the PDR by 2% while using CBDS can increase it by 1% when there is a significant proportion of malicious nodes and the node mobility is less than 10 meters per second. When compared to DHA, the DHA-SHORT results in a 22% reduction in the delay. Finally, in comparison to DSA, SAWNI results in an increase of 8% in PDR, whereas CBDS sees an increase of 7% when there is a significant proportion of malicious nodes moving at less than 10 meters per second.

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Prabu S. mail -
Alekhya A. mail -
Kiran K. Chatragadda mail -
Venkateswarlu Lingala mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.050202

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 5 / Iss. Issue 2

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Quality of Service Enhancement in Wireless LAN and MANET

In this dissertation, the author introduces a novel MAC technique that uses directional antennas to reduce interference, allowing the channel effectively reuse in various places. A node will wait for the Additional Control Gap (ACG) period after exchanging the RTS/CTS packet using the suggested protocol before starting the transmission of data packets. Other nodes in the area may plan simultaneous transmission at this ACG time by exchanging RTS/CTS packets with one another. This technique of installing directional antennas to avoid interference while simultaneously ensuring simultaneous transmissions among nodes in the vicinity may enhance the overall throughput and latency of wireless ad hoc networks. The suggested MAC protocol, in combination with TCP, serves to lessen the possibility of medium congestion and collisions in multi-hop situations by scheduling simultaneous transmissions. After identifying the bottleneck node on the high-traffic route, the heavy-traffic route moved to a different dedicated path to facilitate longhop flow. This makes it feasible for longhop flow to use the completely available bandwidth of the recently allotted dedicated lane and ensures that traffic on the congested route will reduce. Additionally, the dissertation offers a simple but efficient hybrid model as a solution to the issues that could come up when carrying out disaster relief activities. According to the suggested concept, stationary SANET grid nodes that is installed will allow mobile MANET nodes that are more than 13 kilometres outside of the transmission range of the infrastructure network to connect to the internet and the central command. In the case of a disaster, this method increases the coverage area of MANET nodes, enabling those nodes to connect with and exchange data with the rescue and relief operations centre

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Senthil Murugesan mail -
Krishna Venkata mail -
Narendra Mupparaju mail -
Rayudu Kommi mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.010201

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 1 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Customer Data Processing in Internet of Things Environments Using RFM Analysis and K-means Clustering

Businesses, shops, banks, and other types of organizations all engage in cutthroat competition today. The retrieval techniques are responsible for arranging, processing, and listing the documents in the corpus in response to the user query. The strategies are distinct from one another in any of the processes stated above. As a result, the body of published work is crammed full of different retrieval theories and strategies. It is possible to combine the advantageous aspects of several different strategies to improve the retrieval systems' overall performance. Once again, the success of the merging process is dependent on the careful selection of the separate schemes that will be merged together. The selection process is carried out using optimization-seeking tools. The Genetic Algorithm is going to be used for this job. Using GA as the instrument and with the intention of evaluating both the even and the odd point crossover's effects, The odd and even point crossover is primarily employed as an exploratory tool, and its influence on the Internet of Things is evaluated throughout the information retrieval process. The enormous combination that results from the fusion function retrieval strategies and their weights may be understood as follows: The investigation is the only thing that can help us find the best answer out of all of these possible permutations. As a method of investigation, we made use of both odd and even point crossing. This exploration tool has a lack of convergence, which is a setback. It is possible to get a higher convergence rate by combining the genetic algorithm with tabu search, which is the best local search. In a scenario like this one, customer segmentation may be helpful in bringing in new customers while also helping to keep the ones you already have. An effective customer segmentation strategy for a business splits consumers into groups based on the RFM (Recency, Frequency, and Monitor) values of the Monitors. These groups have behavior in common. This will be of use to us in determining the possible customers for the firm. Following the completion of an RFM analysis, we use a conventional k-means method in order to extend the scope of the research to include clusters. Maintaining positive relationships with customers makes it much easier to market effectively to certain demographics of consumers, which in turn helps bolster a company's competitive position.

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V. Jai Kumar mail -
Y.V.Bhaskar Reddy mail -
V.S.Nishok mail -
Vivek K. mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.070101

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 7 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Quaternion Set for Dealing Fluctuation in Quantum Turiyam Cognition

Recently, the data with Turiyam set is introduced for precise representation of human cognition. It gives a way to represent the conscious, unconscious, indeterminate and superconscious state of quantum cognition. In this way, the Turiyam set given a way to represent the human cognition in a democratic system like India where people support a party, reject the party, absent and support NOTA. In similar way conflict among two people can be represented via four way like there is conflict, no conflict, partially conflict or uncertainty about conflict, and last nothing unknown to each other. The precise representation of these types of data which changes at every given phase of time. To deal with these types of human cognition and its quantum state Quaternion set is introduced in this paper.

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Prem Kumar Singh mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JNFS.040205

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 4 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new