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Flower Classification Using CNN Layers

In the era of advancement of technology, the growth of deep learning is increasing with the increase in the day to day activities around.Deep learning has been used to find several subjects such as face recognition, object detection, and face detection. Deep learning is a sub layer of AI and machine learning that is defined as the process of simulating the human brain. Neural networks are the foundation of deep learning.Deep learning is one of the sub layer of AI and ML,and is defined as the process of mimicing of human brain.Deep learning is based on neural networks .The concept of deep learning mimics how human neurons sends signals to particular organ according to the task.We are using CNN for this model because for training the images,CNN is the best suited model.CNNs are a category of neural network that works to processing data with a grid-like architecture, such as pixels.The three layers involved in CNN are: 1. The convolution Layer 2. The pooling layer 3.The fully Convoluted layer The first two layers i.e.,Convolution layer and pooling layer is used to identify the features in an image The last layer ,Fully convoluted layer is used to extract the features in an image. Our model is based on flower image classification.In this model,we used five different optimizers in calculating loss functions.The lower the loss function,gives the better model.

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Feedback and Review System

In marketing field, a product is defined as an item offered to sale. Every product is set with a cost and is sold in the market. After selling a product in the market, the information about the level of satisfaction comes only from a customer. This is known as feedback. In marketing terms, Feedback is defined as the information about the product and experience with the product. Feedback is not only applicable in marketing but also in a multiple scenarios such as feedback on a particular school, feedback on senior employee from other employees, etc. In this paper, we discuss about the feedback received from students. This student feedback is based on the level of satisfaction of the faculty’s performance on the subject. This system of following a feedback from students results in getting to know a student’s problem, their interest in the subject to the faculty and the feedback from students also improves in changing the style of teaching in favour of a student by the faculty.

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Feedback and Review System

In marketing field, a product is defined as an item offered to sale. Every product is set with a cost and is sold in the market. After selling a product in the market, the information about the level of satisfaction comes only from a customer. This is known as feedback. In marketing terms, Feedback is defined as the information about the product and experience with the product. Feedback is not only applicable in marketing but also in a multiple scenarios such as feedback on a particular school, feedback on senior employee from other employees, etc. In this paper, we discuss about the feedback received from students. This student feedback is based on the level of satisfaction of the faculty’s performance on the subject. This system of following a feedback from students results in getting to know a student’s problem, their interest in the subject to the faculty and the feedback from students also improves in changing the style of teaching in favour of a student by the faculty.

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A Contribution to the Group of Units' Problem in Some 2-Cyclic Refined Neutrosophic Rings

This paper is dedicated to study the group of units problem in some 2-cyclic refined neutrosophic rings, where it presents a full classification of the group of units in 2-cyclic refined neutrosophic ring of integers  , 2-cyclic refined neutrosophic ring of integers modulo 2 and 3 ,  and 2-cyclic refined neutrosophic ring of real numbers , as direct products of the cyclic groups. On the other hand, this work provides a necessary and sufficient condition for the invertibility of any square 2-cyclic refined neutrosophic real matrix. Also, we will illustrate some examples to clarify the validity of our work.

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Basheer Abd Al Rida Sadi mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.180304

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Vol. Volume 18 / Iss. Issue 3

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2-Absorbing Neutrosophic Weakly Completely Γ-Ideals

The goal of this study is to present a definition of a generalization of neutrosophic prime Γ-ideals in Γ-rings by introducing 2-absorbing neutrosophic weakly completely Γ-ideals of commutative Γ-rings and to propose their properties. Also, we give the notion of 2-absorbing K- Γ-neutrosophic ideals of Γ-rings. Moreover, we acquire a scheme that relationship between definition of 2-absorbing neutrosophic weakly completely Γ-ideals and 2-absorbing K- Γ-neutrosophic ideals of Γ-rings. Finally, we investigate neutrosophic quotient Γ-ring of  induced by the 2-absorbing neutrosophic weakly completely Γ-ideal is a 2-absorbing Γ− ring.

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Serkan Onar mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.180308

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 18 / Iss. Issue 3

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On the Neutrosophic Characteristic Polynomials and Neutrosophic Cayley-Hamilton Theorem

The objective of this paper is to study some novel algebraic properties of neutrosophic matrices. Also, this work introduces the concept of neutrosophic characteristic polynomial of a square neutrosophic matrix and the neutrosophic version of Cayley-Hamilton.On the other hand, we illustrate many examples about the validity of this work.

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Malath F. Alaswa mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.180305

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 18 / Iss. Issue 3

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Neutrosophic Two Way ANOVA

In this paper, well-known two way analysis of variance (Two Way ANOVA) is generalized to neutrosophic two way ANOVA dealing with neutrosophic data of the form N=D+I. Neutrosophic two way anova is a neutrosophic linear model test wheteher there is a significant difference between different treatments and whether there is a significant difference between different sectors keeping the type I error low. An algotithm is introduced to calculate fisher test statistics when we have neutrosophic data and we are testing two hypothesizes, first is to test differences between treatments and second is to test differences between sectors.

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Mahmoud Miari mail -
Mohamad Taher Anan mail -
Mohamed Bisher Zeina mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.180306

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 18 / Iss. Issue 3

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Properties of Detour Central and Detour Boundary Vertices in Neutrosophic Graphs

In this paper, the idea of neutrosophic detour boundary vertices and neutrosophic detour center vertices in neutrosophic graph is introduced.  Here the concept of neutrosophic detour eccentricity, neutrosophic detour radius, neutrosophic detour diameter, neutrosophic detour neighbourhood vertex are studied.  Several interesting properties related to of eccentric nodes, peripheral nodes, and central nodes in neutrosophic graphs are established.

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R. Narmada Devi mail -
G.Muthumari mail -
J. Bravelin Jersha mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.180307

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Vol. Volume 18 / Iss. Issue 3

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Trends in The Intake oF Food Groups Among Different Age Groups

Although there has been a vast increase in nutritional knowledge, a healthy dietary pattern is still established due to a lack of knowledge, availability, and accessibility. Even if vegetables are consumed higher percentage of starchy vegetables is consumed hence a balanced and adequate diet is still not followed. This research collected data from different cities of Pakistan via a questionnaire which was filled both face to face as well as online. The sample size was 60 with 10 people from each group. Data was collected majorly in form of a food frequency questionnaire and then percentages and frequencies were calculated for all food groups. In age groups 3-12 years there was a higher consumption of beverages both hot and sweet and nuts and seeds were consumed in higher amounts. On the other hand, the age group 13-18 consumed more fruits and vegetables. Similarly, when moving to age 19-25 and 26-40 there is a higher consumption of milk and milk products. Cereals are consumed most by adults of age 41-60 years and 60+ leaned more towards sweets and snacks. Women tend to consume a more calorie-dense diet than men. Also, children and older adults rely more on sweets and snacks rather than fruits, vegetables, and other nutrient-dense foods.

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Irsa Sajjad mail -
Wareesha Khan mail -
Raja Habib mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.060204

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 6 / Iss. Issue 2

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Some remarks on ∆^m (I_λ )-summability on neutrosophic normed spaces

In present paper we use the difference operator ∆^m and λ-summability to define the new concepts of ∆^m (λ)-convergence and ∆^m (I_λ)-convergence on neutrosophic normed spaces (briefly known as NNS). We also introduce concepts of ∆^m (I_λ)-limit point, ∆^m (I_λ)-cluster point and obtain some relationships among these notions. Finally, we define ∆^m (λ)-Cauchy, 〖∆^m (I〗_λ)-Cauchy sequences on these spaces and present a characterization for ∆^m (I_λ)-convergence preserving linear operators on neutrosophic normed spaces

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